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A map projection defined by x = sin^(-1)[cosphisin(lambda-lambda_0)] (1) y = tan^(-1)[(tanphi)/(cos(lambda-lambda_0))]. (2) The inverse formulas are phi = sin^(-1)(sinDcosx) ...

A complete metric space is a metric space in which every Cauchy sequence is convergent. Examples include the real numbers with the usual metric, the complex numbers, ...

The conditional probability of an event A assuming that B has occurred, denoted P(A|B), equals P(A|B)=(P(A intersection B))/(P(B)), (1) which can be proven directly using a ...

The conical spiral with angular frequency a on a cone of height h and radius r is a space curve given by the parametric equations x = (h-z)/hrcos(az) (1) y = (h-z)/hrsin(az) ...

A subgroup H of an original group G has elements h_i. Let x be a fixed element of the original group G which is not a member of H. Then the transformation xh_ix^(-1), (i=1, ...

The contact angle between a sphere and a tangent plane is the angle alpha between the normal to the sphere at the point of tangency and the basal plane with respect to which ...

Defined for a vector field A by (A·del ), where del is the gradient operator. Applied in arbitrary orthogonal three-dimensional coordinates to a vector field B, the ...

The catacaustic of one arch of a cycloid given parametrically as x = t-sint (1) y = 1-cost (2) is a complicated expression for an arbitrary radiant point. For the case of the ...

The rotation vector of the trihedron of a curve with curvature kappa!=0 when a point moves along a curve with unit speed. It is given by D=tauT+kappaB, (1) where tau is the ...

Given a point set P={x_n}_(n=0)^(N-1) in the s-dimensional unit cube [0,1)^s, the star discrepancy is defined as D_N^*(P)=sup_(J in Upsilon^*)D(J,P), (1) where the local ...