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The determination of a set of factors (divisors) of a given integer ("prime factorization"), polynomial ("polynomial factorization"), etc., which, when multiplied together, ...

A fallacy is an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning. The great Greek geometer Euclid wrote an entire book on geometric ...

An efficient version of the Walsh transform that requires O(nlnn) operations instead of the n^2 required for a direct Walsh transform (Wolfram 2002, p. 1072).

A fibered category F over a topological space X consists of 1. a category F(U) for each open subset U subset= X, 2. a functor i^*:F(U)->F(V) for each inclusion i:V↪U, and 3. ...

Let psi = 1+phi (1) = 1/2(3+sqrt(5)) (2) = 2.618033... (3) (OEIS A104457), where phi is the golden ratio, and alpha = lnphi (4) = 0.4812118 (5) (OEIS A002390). Define the ...

Suppose f(x) is continuous at a stationary point x_0. 1. If f^'(x)>0 on an open interval extending left from x_0 and f^'(x)<0 on an open interval extending right from x_0, ...

A manifold with a Riemannian metric that has zero curvature is a flat manifold. The basic example is Euclidean space with the usual metric ds^2=sum_(i)dx_i^2. In fact, any ...

A forgetful functor (also called underlying functor) is defined from a category of algebraic gadgets (groups, Abelian groups, modules, rings, vector spaces, etc.) to the ...

An equation of the form f(x,y,...)=0, where f contains a finite number of independent variables, known functions, and unknown functions which are to be solved for. Many ...

The funnel surface is a regular surface and surface of revolution defined by the Cartesian equation z=1/2aln(x^2+y^2) (1) and the parametric equations x(u,v) = ucosv (2) ...