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The superdiagonal of a square matrix is the set of elements directly above the elements comprising the diagonal. For example, in the following matrix, the diagonal elements ...

J. Tupper concocted the amazing formula 1/2<|_mod(|_y/(17)_|2^(-17|_x_|-mod(|_y_|,17)),2)_|, where |_x_| is the floor function and mod(b,m) is the mod function, which, when ...

The word residue is used in a number of different contexts in mathematics. Two of the most common uses are the complex residue of a pole, and the remainder of a congruence. ...

Some interesting properties (as well as a few arcane ones not reiterated here) of the number 239 are discussed in Schroeppel (1972). 239 appears in Machin's formula ...

The number obtained by adding the reciprocals of the odd twin primes, B=(1/3+1/5)+(1/5+1/7)+(1/(11)+1/(13))+(1/(17)+1/(19))+.... (1) By Brun's theorem, the series converges ...

The cyclic group C_(12) is one of the two Abelian groups of the five groups total of group order 12 (the other order-12 Abelian group being finite group C2×C6). Examples ...

The polar curve r=1+2cos(2theta) (1) that can be used for angle trisection. It was devised by Ceva in 1699, who termed it the cycloidum anomalarum (Loomis 1968, p. 29). It ...

The deltoidal icositetrahedron is the 24-faced dual polyhedron of the small rhombicuboctahedron A_6 and Wenninger dual W_(13). It is also called the trapezoidal ...

The class of curve known as Dürer's conchoid appears in Dürer's work Instruction in Measurement with Compasses and Straight Edge (1525) and arose in investigations of ...

The Fischer groups are the three sporadic groups Fi_(22), Fi_(23), and Fi_(24)^'. These groups were discovered during the investigation of 3-transposition groups. The Fischer ...