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If 1<=b<a and (a,b)=1 (i.e., a and b are relatively prime), then a^n-b^n has at least one primitive prime factor with the following two possible exceptions: 1. 2^6-1^6. 2. ...

The hundred-dollar, hundred-digits challenge problems are a set of ten problems in numerical analysis published in the January/February 2002 issue of SIAM News ...

Let b(k) be the number of 1s in the binary expression of k, i.e., the binary digit count of 1, giving 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 3, ... (OEIS A000120) for k=1, 2, .... ...

A complete oriented graph (Skiena 1990, p. 175), i.e., a graph in which every pair of nodes is connected by a single uniquely directed edge. The first and second 3-node ...

The base 2 method of counting in which only the digits 0 and 1 are used. In this base, the number 1011 equals 1·2^0+1·2^1+0·2^2+1·2^3=11. This base is used in computers, ...

A run is a sequence of more than one consecutive identical outcomes, also known as a clump. Let R_p(r,n) be the probability that a run of r or more consecutive heads appears ...

The Champernowne constant has decimal expansion C=0.1234567891011... (OEIS A033307). The Earls sequence (starting position of n copies of the digit n) for e is given for n=1, ...

The improvement of the convergence properties of a series, also called convergence acceleration or accelerated convergence, such that a series reaches its limit to within ...

Let u_(B,b)(n) be the number of digit blocks of a sequence B in the base-b expansion of n. The following table gives the sequence {u_(B)(n)} for a number of blocks B. B OEIS ...

Let the sum of the squares of the digits of a positive integer s_0 be represented by s_1. In a similar way, let the sum of the squares of the digits of s_1 be represented by ...