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A vector space V is a set that is closed under finite vector addition and scalar multiplication. The basic example is n-dimensional Euclidean space R^n, where every element ...

A quantity which changes sign when indices are reversed. For example, A_(ij)=a_i-a_j is antisymmetric since A_(ij)=-A_(ji).

A surface which has no edges.

The conjugate gradient method can be applied on the normal equations. The CGNE and CGNR methods are variants of this approach that are the simplest methods for nonsymmetric ...

A group of sociable numbers of order 3.

A mathematical statement of the equivalence of two quantities. The equality "A is equal to B" is written A=B.

An arbitrary rotation may be described by only three parameters.

An irreducible representation of a group is a group representation that has no nontrivial invariant subspaces. For example, the orthogonal group O(n) has an irreducible ...

The double covering group of the (linear) symplectic group.

A quantity which is either 0 (zero) or positive, i.e., >=0.