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The word "rank" refers to several related concepts in mathematics involving graphs, groups, matrices, quadratic forms, sequences, set theory, statistics, and tensors. In ...

A Sierpiński number of the first kind is a number of the form S_n=n^n+1. The first few are 2, 5, 28, 257, 3126, 46657, 823544, 16777217, ... (OEIS A014566). Sierpiński proved ...

The Somos sequences are a set of related symmetrical recurrence relations which, surprisingly, always give integers. The Somos sequence of order k, or Somos-k sequence, is ...

Sphere tetrahedron picking is the selection of quadruples of of points corresponding to vertices of a tetrahedron with vertices on the surface of a sphere. n random ...

The common incircle of the medial triangle DeltaM_AM_BM_C (left figure) and the congruent triangle DeltaQ_AQ_BQ_C, where Q_i are the midpoints of the line segment joining the ...

A symmetric bilinear form on a vector space V is a bilinear function Q:V×V->R (1) which satisfies Q(v,w)=Q(w,v). For example, if A is a n×n symmetric matrix, then ...

A figurate number Te_n of the form Te_n = sum_(k=1)^(n)T_k (1) = 1/6n(n+1)(n+2) (2) = (n+2; 3), (3) where T_k is the kth triangular number and (n; m) is a binomial ...

A leaf of an unrooted tree is a node of vertex degree 1. Note that for a rooted or planted tree, the root vertex is generally not considered a leaf node, whereas all other ...

Convergents of the pi continued fractions are the simplest approximants to pi. The first few are given by 3, 22/7, 333/106, 355/113, 103993/33102, 104348/33215, ... (OEIS ...

A square number, also called a perfect square, is a figurate number of the form S_n=n^2, where n is an integer. The square numbers for n=0, 1, ... are 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, ...