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A conjugate matrix is a matrix A^_ obtained from a given matrix A by taking the complex conjugate of each element of A (Courant and Hilbert 1989, p. 9), i.e., ...

A connected set is a set that cannot be partitioned into two nonempty subsets which are open in the relative topology induced on the set. Equivalently, it is a set which ...

A number which can be represented by a finite number of additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions, and finite square root extractions of integers. Such numbers ...

A set in Euclidean space R^d is convex set if it contains all the line segments connecting any pair of its points. If the set does not contain all the line segments, it is ...

A concise notation based on the concept of the tangle used by Conway (1967) to enumerate prime knots up to 11 crossings. An algebraic knot containing no negative signs in its ...

Correlation is the degree to which two or more quantities are linearly associated. In a two-dimensional plot, the degree of correlation between the values on the two axes is ...

Given the above figure (without looking at the figure below!), determine how to disengage the two slotted cube halves without cutting, breaking, or distorting. One possible ...

What is the area of the largest square that can be inscribed on a unit cube (Trott 2004, p. 104)? The answer is 9/8, given by a square with vertices (1/4, 0, 0), (0, 1, 1/4), ...

A coordinate system composed of intersecting surfaces. If the intersections are all at right angles, then the curvilinear coordinates are said to form an orthogonal ...

The Dedekind psi-function is defined by the divisor product psi(n)=nproduct_(p|n)(1+1/p), (1) where the product is over the distinct prime factors of n, with the special case ...