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Marsaglia (1972) has given a simple method for selecting points with a uniform distribution on the surface of a 4-sphere. This is accomplished by picking two pairs of points ...

To generate random points over the unit disk, it is incorrect to use two uniformly distributed variables r in [0,1] and theta in [0,2pi) and then take x = rcostheta (1) y = ...

Is there a planar convex set having two distinct equichordal points? The problem was first proposed by Fujiwara (1916) and Blaschke et al. (1917), but long defied solution. ...

A conic section on which the midpoints of the sides of any complete quadrangle lie. The three diagonal points P, Q, and R also lie on this conic.

The circular points at infinity, also called the isotropic points, are the pair of (complex) points on the line at infinity through which all circles pass. The circular ...

The set of points of X fixed by a group action are called the group's set of fixed points, defined by {x:gx=x for all g in G}. In some cases, there may not be a group action, ...

There are nine possible types of isolated singularities on a cubic surface, eight of them rational double points. Each type of isolated singularity has an associated normal ...

The probability law on the space of continuous functions g with g(0)=0, induced by the Wiener process.

The process of taking the complement of a set or truth function. In the latter case, complementation is equivalent to the NOT operation.

Vector subtraction is the process of taking a vector difference, and is the inverse operation to vector addition.