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An n×n magic square for which every pair of numbers symmetrically opposite the center sum to n^2+1. The Lo Shu is associative but not panmagic. The numbers of associative ...

An Aztec diamond of order n is the region obtained from four staircase shapes of height n by gluing them together along the straight edges. It can therefore be defined as the ...

Consider an infinite repository containing balls of n different types. Then the following table summarizes the number of distinct ways in which k balls can be picked for four ...

Ball tetrahedron picking is the selection of quadruples of points (corresponding to vertices of a general tetrahedron) randomly placed inside a ball. n random tetrahedra can ...

A binary bracketing is a bracketing built up entirely of binary operations. The number of binary bracketings of n letters (Catalan's problem) are given by the Catalan numbers ...

Bit rate (i.e., bits per second, abbreviated bps) is a measure of the number of data bits (digital 0s and 1s) transmitted each second in a digital communications channel. If ...

For any system that seeks to minimize a function, only seven different local forms of catastrophe "typically" occur for four or fewer variables: 1. Fold catastrophe, 2. Cusp ...

An axiomatic system is said to be categorical if there is only one essentially distinct representation for it. In particular, the names and types of objects within the system ...

The 60 Pascal lines of a hexagon inscribed in a conic intersect three at a time through 20 Steiner points, and also three at a time in 60 Kirkman points. Each Steiner point ...

A centered polygonal number consisting of a central dot with four dots around it, and then additional dots in the gaps between adjacent dots. The general term is n^2+(n+1)^2, ...