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The gonality (also called divisorial gonality) gon(G) of a (finite) graph G is the minimum degree of a rank 1 divisor on that graph. It can be thought of as the minimum ...

Green's theorem is a vector identity which is equivalent to the curl theorem in the plane. Over a region D in the plane with boundary partialD, Green's theorem states ...

Guilloché patterns are spirograph-like curves that frame a curve within an inner and outer envelope curve. They are used on banknotes, securities, and passports worldwide for ...

If two points A and A^' are inverse with respect to a circle (the inversion circle), then the straight line through A^' which is perpendicular to the line of the points AA^' ...

The Lotka-Volterra equations describe an ecological predator-prey (or parasite-host) model which assumes that, for a set of fixed positive constants A (the growth rate of ...

The geodesic on an oblate spheroid can be computed analytically, although the resulting expression is much more unwieldy than for a simple sphere. A spheroid with equatorial ...

If two points A and A^' are inverse (sometimes called conjugate) with respect to a circle (the inversion circle), then the straight line through A^' which is perpendicular to ...

A plot of a function expressed in polar coordinates, with radius r as a function of angle theta. Polar plots can be drawn in the Wolfram Language using PolarPlot[r, {t, tmin, ...

A secant line, also simply called a secant, is a line passing through two points of a curve. As the two points are brought together (or, more precisely, as one is brought ...

The 27 real or imaginary lines which lie on the general cubic surface and the 45 triple tangent planes to the surface. All are related to the 28 bitangents of the general ...