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Rings produced by cutting a strip that has been given m half twists and been re-attached into n equal strips (Ball and Coxeter 1987, pp. 127-128).

In hexagonal close packing, layers of spheres are packed so that spheres in alternating layers overlie one another. As in cubic close packing, each sphere is surrounded by 12 ...

Two points are antipodal (i.e., each is the antipode of the other) if they are diametrically opposite. Examples include endpoints of a line segment, or poles of a sphere. ...

The Reuleaux tetrahedron, sometimes also called the spherical tetrahedron, is the three-dimensional solid common to four spheres of equal radius placed so that the center of ...

The apodization function A(x)=(1-(x^2)/(a^2))^2. Its full width at half maximum is sqrt(4-2sqrt(2))a. Its instrument function is ...

A Bloch vector is a unit vector (cosphisintheta, sinphisintheta, costheta) used to represent points on a Bloch sphere.

The azimuthal coordinate on the surface of a sphere (theta in spherical coordinates) or on a spheroid (in prolate or oblate spheroidal coordinates). Longitude is defined such ...

Let a vault consist of two equal half-cylinders of radius r which intersect at right angles so that the lines of their intersections (the "groins") terminate in the ...

The arithmetic-geometric index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its arithmetic-geometric matrix.

A searching algorithm which works on a sorted table by testing the middle of an interval, eliminating the half of the table in which the key cannot lie, and then repeating ...