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Let 1/p+1/q=1 (1) with p, q>1. Then Hölder's inequality for integrals states that int_a^b|f(x)g(x)|dx<=[int_a^b|f(x)|^pdx]^(1/p)[int_a^b|g(x)|^qdx]^(1/q), (2) with equality ...

The imaginary part I[z] of a complex number z=x+iy is the real number multiplying i, so I[x+iy]=y. In terms of z itself, I[z]=(z-z^_)/(2i), where z^_ is the complex conjugate ...

The "complete" gamma function Gamma(a) can be generalized to the incomplete gamma function Gamma(a,x) such that Gamma(a)=Gamma(a,0). This "upper" incomplete gamma function is ...

If a subgroup H of G has a group representation phi:H×W->W, then there is a unique induced representation of G on a vector space V. The original space W is contained in V, ...

Denoted zn(u,k) or Z(u). Z(phi|m)=E(phi|m)-(E(m)F(phi|m))/(K(m)), where phi is the Jacobi amplitude, m is the parameter, and F(phi|m) and K(m) are elliptic integrals of the ...

The kei_nu(z) function is defined as the imaginary part of e^(-nupii/2)K_nu(ze^(pii/4))=ker_nu(z)+ikei_nu(z), (1) where K_nu(z) is a modified Bessel function of the second ...

The complex second-order ordinary differential equation x^2y^('')+xy^'-(ix^2+nu^2)y=0 (1) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 379; Zwillinger 1997, p. 123), whose solutions can ...

Kelvin defined the Kelvin functions bei and ber according to ber_nu(x)+ibei_nu(x) = J_nu(xe^(3pii/4)) (1) = e^(nupii)J_nu(xe^(-pii/4)), (2) = e^(nupii/2)I_nu(xe^(pii/4)) (3) ...

The symbol ker has at least two different meanings in mathematics. It can refer to a special function related to Bessel functions, or (written either with a capital or ...

Given a Taylor series f(x)=f(x_0)+(x-x_0)f^'(x_0)+((x-x_0)^2)/(2!)f^('')(x_0)+... +((x-x_0)^n)/(n!)f^((n))(x_0)+R_n, (1) the error R_n after n terms is given by ...