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The arf invariant is a link invariant that always has the value 0 or 1. A knot has Arf invariant 0 if the knot is "pass equivalent" to the unknot and 1 if it is pass ...

An algebraic equation in n variables is an polynomial equation of the form f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=sum_(e_1,...,e_n)c_(e_1,e_2,...,e_n)x_1^(e_1)x_2^(e_2)...x_n^(e_n)=0, where the ...

Any symmetric polynomial (respectively, symmetric rational function) can be expressed as a polynomial (respectively, rational function) in the elementary symmetric ...

For a polynomial P(x_1,x_2,...,x_k), the Mahler measure of P is defined by (1) Using Jensen's formula, it can be shown that for P(x)=aproduct_(i=1)^(n)(x-alpha_i), ...

A transformation of a polynomial equation f(x)=0 which is of the form y=g(x)/h(x) where g and h are polynomials and h(x) does not vanish at a root of f(x)=0. The cubic ...

The order ideal in Lambda, the ring of integral laurent polynomials, associated with an Alexander matrix for a knot K. Any generator of a principal Alexander ideal is called ...

A cubic equation is an equation involving a cubic polynomial, i.e., one of the form a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0=0. Since a_3!=0 (or else the polynomial would be quadratic and not ...

The zeros of the derivative P^'(z) of a polynomial P(z) that are not multiple zeros of P(z) are the positions of equilibrium in the field of force due to unit particles ...

Given a finitely generated Z-graded module M over a graded ring R (finitely generated over R_0, which is an Artinian local ring), the Hilbert function of M is the map ...

A polynomial factorization algorithm that proceeds by considering the vector of coefficients of a polynomial P, calculating b_i=P(i)/a_i, constructing the Lagrange ...