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For a curve with radius vector r(t), the unit tangent vector T^^(t) is defined by T^^(t) = (r^.)/(|r^.|) (1) = (r^.)/(s^.) (2) = (dr)/(ds), (3) where t is a parameterization ...

Taylor's inequality is an estimate result for the value of the remainder term R_n(x) in any n-term finite Taylor series approximation. Indeed, if f is any function which ...

Term rewriting systems are reduction systems in which rewrite rules apply to terms. Terms are built up from variables and constants using function symbols (or operations). ...

A divergenceless field can be partitioned into a toroidal and a poloidal part. This separation is important in geo- and heliophysics, and in particular in dynamo theory and ...

A transformation T (a.k.a., map, function) over a domain D takes the elements X in D to elements Y in T(D), where the range (a.k.a., image) of T is defined as ...

Consider expressions built up from variables and constants using function symbols. If v_1, ..., v_n are variables and t_1, ..., t_n are expressions, then a set of mappings ...

The distribution of the product X_1X_2...X_n of n uniform variates on the interval [0,1] can be found directly as P_(X_1...X_n)(u) = ...

Universal algebra studies common properties of all algebraic structures, including groups, rings, fields, lattices, etc. A universal algebra is a pair A=(A,(f_i^A)_(i in I)), ...

A quantity which takes on the value zero is said to vanish. For example, the function f(z)=z^2 vanishes at the point z=0. For emphasis, the term "vanish identically" is ...

The vertex height of a vertex v in a rooted tree is the number of edges on the longest downward path between v and a tree leaf. The height of the root vertex of a rooted tree ...