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A formal theory is said to be incomplete if it contains fewer theorems than would be possible while still retaining consistency.

A polynomial that represents integers for all integer values of the variables. An integer polynomial is a special case of such a polynomial. In general, every integer ...

The polynomials in the diagonal of the Smith normal form or rational canonical form of a matrix are called its invariant factors.

For {M_i}_(i in I) a family of R-modules indexed by a directed set I, let sigma_(ji):M_j->M_i i<=j be an R-module homomorphism. Call (M_i,sigma_(ji)) an inverse system over I ...

A square matrix A such that A^2=I, where I is the identity matrix. An involutory matrix is its own matrix inverse.

A submodule N of a module M that is not the intersection of two submodules of M in which it is properly contained. In other words, for all submodules N_1 and N_2 of M, N=N_1 ...

Given a general second tensor rank tensor A_(ij) and a metric g_(ij), define theta = A_(ij)g^(ij)=A_i^i (1) omega^i = epsilon^(ijk)A_(jk) (2) sigma_(ij) = ...

In a 1847 talk to the Académie des Sciences in Paris, Gabriel Lamé (1795-1870) claimed to have proven Fermat's last theorem. However, Joseph Liouville immediately pointed out ...

Let A be a unital C^*-algebra, then an element u in A is called an isometry if u^*u=1.

Let A = [B D; E C] (1) A^(-1) = [W X; Y Z], (2) where B and W are k×k matrices. Then det(Z)det(A)=det(B). (3) The proof follows from equating determinants on the two sides of ...