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A characteristic of some systems making a transition to chaos. Doubling is followed by quadrupling, etc. An example of a map displaying period doubling is the logistic map.

A polyhedron with extra square faces, given by the Schläfli symbol r{p; q}.

A perimeter-bisecting line segment which originates at a vertex of a polygon. The three splitters of a triangle concur in a point known as the Nagel point Na.

The smallest statistical rank (either up or down) of a set of data.

A universal sentence is a sentence (i.e., formula of the predicate calculus without free variables) whose variables are universally quantified.

Let f_n(z) be a sequence of functions, each regular in a region D, let |f_n(z)|<=M for every n and z in D, and let f_n(z) tend to a limit as n->infty at a set of points ...

A zero-sum game is a game in which players make payments only to each other. In such a game, one player's loss is the other player's gain, so the total amount of "money" ...

An inverse function of an Abelian integral. Abelian functions have two variables and four periods, and can be defined by Theta(v,tau;q^'; ...

The abundancy of a number n is defined as the ratio sigma(n)/n, where sigma(n) is the divisor function. For n=1, 2, ..., the first few values are 1, 3/2, 4/3, 7/4, 6/5, 2, ...

Calabi's triangle is the unique triangle other that the equilateral triangle for which the largest inscribed square can be inscribed in three different ways (Calabi 1997). ...