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A positive matrix is a real or integer matrix (a)_(ij) for which each matrix element is a positive number, i.e., a_(ij)>0 for all i, j. Positive matrices are therefore a ...

Find two numbers such that x^2=y^2 (mod n). If you know the greatest common divisor of n and x-y, there exists a high probability of determining a prime factor. Taking small ...

If f(x) is a nonconstant integer polynomial and c is an integer such that f(c) is divisible by the prime p, that p is called a prime divisor of the polynomial f(x) (Nagell ...

A polytope in n-dimensional Euclidean space R^n whose vertices are integer lattice points but which does not contain any other lattice points in its interior or on its ...

Evans et al. (2000, p. 6) use the unfortunate term "probability domain" to refer to the range of the distribution function of a probability density function. For a continuous ...

Consider a probability space specified by the triple (S,S,P), where (S,S) is a measurable space, with S the domain and S is its measurable subsets, and P is a measure on S ...

A triple (S,S,P) on the domain S, where (S,S) is a measurable space, S are the measurable subsets of S, and P is a measure on S with P(S)=1.

If proofreader A finds a mistakes and proofreader B finds b mistakes, c of which were also found by A, how many mistakes were missed by both A and B? Assume there are a total ...

The 4-polyhex illustrated above.

A proposition is a mathematical statement such as "3 is greater than 4," "an infinite set exists," or "7 is prime." An axiom is a proposition that is assumed to be true. With ...