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The arithmetic-geometric energy of a graph is defined as the graph energy of its arithmetic-geometric matrix, i.e., the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its ...

A semigroup with a noncommutative product in which no product can ever be expressed more simply in terms of other elements.

An occurrence of a variable in a logic formula which is not inside the scope of a quantifier.

A set having the largest number k of distinct residue classes modulo m so that no subset has zero sum.

An equilibrium minimal surface for a crystal or drop which has the least anisotropic surface free energy for a given volume. It is the anisotropic analog of a sphere. In the ...

A braid in which strands are intertwined in the center and are free in "handles" on either side of the diagram.

An occurrence of a variable in a logic which is not free. Bound variables are also called dummy variables.

A module having dual properties with respect to a free module, as enumerated below. 1. Every free module is projective; every cofree module is injective. 2. For every module ...

A group acts freely if there are no group fixed points. A point which is fixed by every group element would not be free to move.

A positive integer n is kth powerfree if there is no number d such that d^k|n (d^k divides n), i.e., there are no kth powers or higher in the prime factorization of n. A ...