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A topologically invariant property of a surface defined as the largest number of nonintersecting simple closed curves that can be drawn on the surface without separating it. ...

The energy of a graph is defined as the sum of the absolute values of its graph eigenvalues (i.e., the sum of its graph spectrum terms). Other varieties of graph energy are ...

There are two different statements, each separately known as the greatest common divisor theorem. 1. Given positive integers m and n, it is possible to choose integers x and ...

A group action G×Omega->Omega might preserve a special kind of partition of Omega called a system of blocks. A block is a subset Delta of Omega such that for any group ...

With three cuts, dissect an equilateral triangle into a square. The problem was first proposed by Dudeney in 1902, and subsequently discussed in Dudeney (1958), and Gardner ...

A root-finding algorithm also known as the tangent hyperbolas method or Halley's rational formula. As in Halley's irrational formula, take the second-order Taylor series ...

The word "harmonic" has several distinct meanings in mathematics, none of which is obviously related to the others. Simple harmonic motion or "harmonic oscillation" refers to ...

Let l(x) be an nth degree polynomial with zeros at x_1, ..., x_n. Then the fundamental Hermite interpolating polynomials of the first and second kinds are defined by ...

Let a hotel have a denumerable set of rooms numbered 1, 2, 3, .... Then any finite number n of guests can be accommodated without evicting the current guests by moving the ...

The 21 assumptions which underlie the geometry published in Hilbert's classic text Grundlagen der Geometrie. The eight incidence axioms concern collinearity and intersection ...