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The interval (generally, the smallest interval) over which the values of a periodic function recur. Functions may have one or more periods over time and in space.

For a quadrilateral which is not cyclic, Ptolemy's theorem becomes an inequality: AB×CD+BC×DA>AC×BD. The Ptolemy inequality is still valid when ABCD is a triangular pyramid ...

An action which adds a single element to the top of a stack, turning the stack (a_1, a_2, ..., a_n) into (a_0, a_1, a_2, ..., a_n).

A quantified system of real algebraic equations and inequalities in variables {x_1,...,x_n} is an expression QS=Q_1(y_1)Q_2(y_2)...Q_m(y_m)S(x_1,...,x_n;y_1,...,y_m), where Q ...

A knot diagram in which none of the crossings are reducible.

For a given monic quartic equation f(x)=x^4+a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0, (1) the resolvent cubic is the monic cubic polynomial g(x)=x^3+b_2x^2+b_1x+b_0, (2) where the coefficients ...

A manifold possessing a metric tensor. For a complete Riemannian manifold, the metric d(x,y) is defined as the length of the shortest curve (geodesic) between x and y. Every ...

In the illusion illustrated above, when the concentric square borders with rounded edges are rotated slowly, the entire pattern appears to pulsate radially.

A Greek cross rotated by 45 degrees, also called the crux decussata, illustrated schematically above in polyomino form. The multiplication sign × is based on Saint Andrew's ...

A sorting method proposed by Shell (1959) in which records being sorted can take long jumps instead of being restricted to short steps.