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A primitive group action is transitive and it has no nontrivial group blocks. A transitive group action that is not primitive is called imprimitive. A group that has a ...

A precise sequence of instructions designed to accomplish a given task. The implementation of an algorithm on a computer using a programming language is an example of a ...

Given a vector space V, its projectivization P(V), sometimes written P(V-0), is the set of equivalence classes x∼lambdax for any lambda!=0 in V-0. For example, complex ...

A congruence of the form ax^2+bx+c=0 (mod m), (1) where a, b, and c are integers. A general quadratic congruence can be reduced to the congruence x^2=q (mod p) (2) and can be ...

A quantified system of real algebraic equations and inequalities in variables {x_1,...,x_n} is an expression QS=Q_1(y_1)Q_2(y_2)...Q_m(y_m)S(x_1,...,x_n;y_1,...,y_m), where Q ...

A statistical distribution in which the variates occur with probabilities asymptotically matching their "true" underlying statistical distribution is said to be random.

Let V and W be vector spaces over a field F, and let T:V->W be a linear transformation. Assuming the dimension of V is finite, then dim(V)=dim(Ker(T))+dim(Im(T)), where ...

Given two distributions Y and X with joint probability density function f(x,y), let U=Y/X be the ratio distribution. Then the distribution function of u is D(u) = P(U<=u) (1) ...

That portion of mathematics dealing with functions of real variables. While this includes some portions of topology, it is most commonly used to distinguish that portion of ...

A real vector space is a vector space whose field of scalars is the field of reals. A linear transformation between real vector spaces is given by a matrix with real entries ...