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A geometric construction, also called a verging construction, which allows the classical geometric construction rules to be bent in order to permit sliding of a marked ruler. ...

Samuel Pepys wrote Isaac Newton a long letter asking him to determine the probabilities for a set of dice rolls related to a wager he planned to make. Pepys asked which was ...

A vector space V with a ring structure and a vector norm such that for all v,W in V, ||vw||<=||v||||w||. If V has a multiplicative identity 1, it is also required that ...

There are several meanings of "null vector" in mathematics. 1. The most common meaning of null vector is the n-dimensional vector 0 of length 0. i.e., the vector with n ...

The orthographic projection is a projection from infinity that preserves neither area nor angle. It is given by x = cosphisin(lambda-lambda_0) (1) y = ...

Given a parabola with parametric equations x = at^2 (1) y = 2at, (2) the negative pedal curve for a pedal point (x_0,0) has equation x_n = (at^2[a(3t^2+4)-x_0])/(at^2+x_0) ...

The pathwidth of a graph G, also called the interval thickness, vertex separation number, and node searching number, is one less than the size of the largest set in a path ...

The pentanacci numbers are a generalization of the Fibonacci numbers defined by P_0=0, P_1=1, P_2=1, P_3=2, P_4=4, and the recurrence relation ...

A group that coincides with its commutator subgroup. If G is a non-Abelian group, its commutator subgroup is a normal subgroup other than the trivial group. It follows that ...

The integral kernel in the Poisson integral, given by K(psi)=1/(2pi)(1-|z_0|^2)/(|z_0-e^(ipsi)|^2) (1) for the open unit disk D(0,1). Writing z_0=re^(itheta) and taking ...