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An interpolation formula, sometimes known as the Newton-Bessel formula, given by (1) for p in [0,1], where delta is the central difference and B_(2n) = 1/2G_(2n) (2) = ...

(1) for p in [0,1], where delta is the central difference and E_(2n) = G_(2n)-G_(2n+1) (2) = B_(2n)-B_(2n+1) (3) F_(2n) = G_(2n+1) (4) = B_(2n)+B_(2n+1), (5) where G_k are ...

The element in the diagonal of a matrix by which other elements are divided in an algorithm such as Gauss-Jordan elimination is called the pivot element. Partial pivoting is ...

Rather surprisingly, trigonometric functions of npi/17 for n an integer can be expressed in terms of sums, products, and finite root extractions because 17 is a Fermat prime. ...

If there exists a rational integer x such that, when n, p, and q are positive integers, x^n=q (mod p), then q is the n-adic residue of p, i.e., q is an n-adic residue of p ...

Archimedes' axiom, also known as the continuity axiom or Archimedes' lemma, survives in the writings of Eudoxus (Boyer and Merzbach 1991), but the term was first coined by ...

An important and fundamental axiom in set theory sometimes called Zermelo's axiom of choice. It was formulated by Zermelo in 1904 and states that, given any set of mutually ...

Consider h_+(d) proper equivalence classes of forms with discriminant d equal to the field discriminant, then they can be subdivided equally into 2^(r-1) genera of ...

The series for the inverse tangent, tan^(-1)x=x-1/3x^3+1/5x^5+.... Plugging in x=1 gives Gregory's formula 1/4pi=1-1/3+1/5-1/7+1/9-.... This series is intimately connected ...

The (complete) gamma function Gamma(n) is defined to be an extension of the factorial to complex and real number arguments. It is related to the factorial by Gamma(n)=(n-1)!, ...