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The subdiagonal of a square matrix is the set of elements directly under the elements comprising the diagonal. For example, in the following matrix, the diagonal elements are ...

For a subgroup H of a group G, the index of H, denoted (G:H), is the cardinal number of the set of left cosets of H in G (which is equal to the cardinal number of the set of ...

The resultant of the vectors represented by the three radii from the center of a triangle's circumcircle to its polygon vertices is the segment extending from the ...

Teichmüller's theorem asserts the existence and uniqueness of the extremal quasiconformal map between two compact Riemann surfaces of the same genus modulo an equivalence ...

A number of attractive 18-compounds of the regular tetrahedron can be constructed. The compound illustrated above will be implemented in a future version of the Wolfram ...

A self-avoiding walk in which steps may be to the left, right, or straight ahead after a vertical step, but only straight ahead or to the left after a horizontal step. A ...

Let S(T) be the group of symmetries which map a monohedral tiling T onto itself. The transitivity class of a given tile T is then the collection of all tiles to which T can ...

A triacontahedron is a 30-faced polyhedron. Examples include the 14-gonal antiprism, biaugmented truncated cube (Johnson solid J_(67)), 15-gonal dipyramid, 28-gonal prism, ...

The cubic curve defined by ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=xy with a!=0. The curve cuts the axis in either one or three points. It was the 66th curve in Newton's classification of cubics. ...

A sphere with three handles (and three holes), i.e., a genus-3 torus.