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A set S in a vector space over R is called a convex set if the line segment joining any pair of points of S lies entirely in S.

A roll of eight on a pair of six-sided dice in the game of craps. The probability of rolling "eighter from Decatur" is 5/36, or 13.888...%.

A partially ordered set is defined as an ordered pair P=(X,<=). Here, X is called the ground set of P and <= is the partial order of P.

A ring for which the product of any pair of ideals is zero only if one of the two ideals is zero. All simple rings are prime.

A roll of two 1s (the lowest roll possible) on a pair of six-sided dice. The probability of rolling snake eyes is 1/36, or 2.777...%.

An oriented surface for which every point belongs to a Wiedersehen pair. Proof of the Blaschke conjecture established that the only Wiedersehen surfaces are the standard ...

A binary operation f(x,y) is an operation that applies to two quantities or expressions x and y. A binary operation on a nonempty set A is a map f:A×A->A such that 1. f is ...

Let S be a set of n+1 symbols, then a Howell design H(s,2n) on symbol set S is an s×s array H such that 1. Every cell of H is either empty or contains an unordered pair of ...

A completely multiplicative function, sometimes known as linear or totally multiplicative function, is an arithmetic function f(n) such that f(mn)=f(m)f(n) holds for each ...

The ordered pair (s,t), where s is the number of real embeddings of the number field and t is the number of complex-conjugate pairs of embeddings. The degree of the number ...