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In each of the ten cases with zero or unit mass, the finite part of the scalar 3-loop tetrahedral vacuum Feynman diagram reduces to four-letter "words" that represent ...

One of the symbols ( or ) used to denote grouping. Parentheses have a great many specialized meanings in mathematics. A few of these are described below. 1. Parentheses are ...

The tangram is a combination of plane polygonal pieces such that the edges of the polygons are coincident. There are 13 convex tangrams (where a "convex tangram" is a set of ...

Smale's problems are a list of 18 challenging problems for the twenty-first century proposed by Field medalist Steven Smale. These problems were inspired in part by Hilbert's ...

Partial differential equation boundary conditions which give the value of the function on a surface, e.g., T=f(r,t).

Consider the sequence {x_n}_(n=0)^infty defined by x_0=1 and x_(n+1)=[3/2x_n], where [z] is the ceiling function. For n=0, 1, ..., the first few terms are 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, ...

An adaptive Gaussian quadrature method for numerical integration in which error is estimation based on evaluation at special points known as "Kronrod points." By suitably ...

The Risch algorithm is a decision procedure for indefinite integration that determines whether a given integral is elementary, and if so, returns a closed-form result for the ...

A bounded entire function in the complex plane C is constant. The fundamental theorem of algebra follows as a simple corollary.

The limiting rabbit sequence written as a binary fraction 0.1011010110110..._2 (OEIS A005614), where b_2 denotes a binary number (a number in base-2). The decimal value is ...