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A sequence {x_1,x_2,...} is equidistributed iff lim_(N->infty)1/Nsum_(n<N)e^(2piimx_n)=0 for each m=1, 2, .... A consequence of this result is that the sequence {frac(nx)} is ...

An algebra S^' which is part of a large algebra S and shares its properties.

The science of breaking codes, which is one part of cryptology.

The portion of the complex plane z=x+iy with real part R[z]<0.

The portion of the complex plane z=x+iy with real part R[z]>0.

The sawtooth wave, called the "castle rim function" by Trott (2004, p. 228), is the periodic function given by S(x)=Afrac(x/T+phi), (1) where frac(x) is the fractional part ...

One of the numbers 1, 2, 3, ... (OEIS A000027), also called the counting numbers or natural numbers. 0 is sometimes included in the list of "whole" numbers (Bourbaki 1968, ...

A diafix of a string T=s_1s_2...s_N is a substring s_(i+1)...s_(N-i) (0<=i<N/2). It is therefore not a first (prefix) or last (suffix) part of a string, but rather is a ...

Integer division is division in which the fractional part (remainder) is discarded is called integer division and is sometimes denoted \. Integer division can be defined as ...

The symbol used to separate the integer part of a decimal number from its fractional part is called the decimal point. In the United States, the decimal point is denoted with ...