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An infinite sequence {a_i} of positive integers is called strongly independent if any relation sumepsilon_ia_i, with epsilon_i=0, +/-1, or +/-2 and epsilon_i=0 except ...

A generalization of Ramsey theory to mathematical objects in which one would not normally expect structure to be found. For example, there exists a graph with very few ...

A map phi:M->M where M is a manifold is C^r structurally stable if any C^r perturbation is topologically conjugate to phi. Here, C^r perturbation means a function psi such ...

The number of real roots of an algebraic equation with real coefficients whose real roots are simple over an interval, the endpoints of which are not roots, is equal to the ...

Let A_r=a_(ij) be a sequence of N symmetric matrices of increasing order with i,j=1, 2, ..., r and r=1, 2, ..., N. Let lambda_k(A_r) be the kth eigenvalue of A_r for k=1, 2, ...

If a sequence has the property that the block growth function B(n)=n+1 for all n, then it is said to have minimal block growth, and the sequence is called a Sturmian ...

Let C be a category. Then D is said to be a subcategory of C, if the objects of D are also objects of C, if the morphisms of D are also morphisms of C, and if D is a category ...

The subdiagonal of a square matrix is the set of elements directly under the elements comprising the diagonal. For example, in the following matrix, the diagonal elements are ...

If a subset S of the elements of a field F satisfies the field axioms with the same operations of F, then S is called a subfield of F. In a finite field of field order p^n, ...

For a subgroup H of a group G, the index of H, denoted (G:H), is the cardinal number of the set of left cosets of H in G (which is equal to the cardinal number of the set of ...