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A method for generating random (pseudorandom) numbers using the linear recurrence relation X_(n+1)=aX_n+c (mod m), where a and c must assume certain fixed values, m is some ...

A linear extension of a partially ordered set P is a permutation of the elements p_1, p_2, ... of P such that p_i<p_j implies i<j. For example, the linear extensions of the ...

A regression that is linear in the unknown parameters used in the fit. The most common form of linear regression is least squares fitting. Least squares fitting of lines and ...

A linear system of equations is a set of n linear equations in k variables (sometimes called "unknowns"). Linear systems can be represented in matrix form as the matrix ...

The n functions f_1(x), f_2(x), ..., f_n(x) are linearly dependent if, for some c_1, c_2, ..., c_n in R not all zero, sum_(i=1)^nc_if_i(x)=0 (1) for all x in some interval I. ...

A link invariant defined for a two-component oriented link as the sum of +1 crossings and -1 crossing over all crossings between the two links divided by 2. For components ...

A linklessly embeddable graph is a graph having the property that there exists an embedding in three dimensions that does not contain a nontrivial link. A graph is linklessly ...

Linnik's constant L is the constant appearing in Linnik's theorem. Heath-Brown (1992) has shown that L<=5.5, and Schinzel, Sierpiński, and Kanold (Ribenboim 1989) have ...

Let p(d,a) be the smallest prime in the arithmetic progression {a+kd} for k an integer >0. Let p(d)=maxp(d,a) such that 1<=a<d and (a,d)=1. Then there exists a d_0>=2 and an ...

A Liouville number is a transcendental number which has very close rational number approximations. An irrational number beta is called a Liouville number if, for each n, ...