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Legendre-Gauss quadrature is a numerical integration method also called "the" Gaussian quadrature or Legendre quadrature. A Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with ...

The Löwenheim-Skolem theorem is a fundamental result in model theory which states that if a countable theory has a model, then it has a countable model. Furthermore, it has a ...

The order ideal in Lambda, the ring of integral laurent polynomials, associated with an Alexander matrix for a knot K. Any generator of a principal Alexander ideal is called ...

A class number formula is a finite series giving exactly the class number of a ring. For a ring of quadratic integers, the class number is denoted h(d), where d is the ...

A partition p is said to contain another partition q if the Ferrers diagram of p contains the Ferrers diagram of q. For example, {3,3,2} (left figure) contains both {3,3,1} ...

One of the Plücker characteristics, defined by p=1/2(n-1)(n-2)-(delta+kappa)=1/2(m-1)(m-2)-(tau+iota), where m is the class, n the order, delta the number of nodes, kappa the ...

For discrete problems in which no efficient solution method is known, it might be necessary to test each possibility sequentially in order to determine if it is the solution. ...

If x_1<x_2<...<x_n denote the zeros of p_n(x), there exist real numbers lambda_1,lambda_2,...,lambda_n such that ...

Consider a clause (disjunction of literals) obtained from those of a first-order logic formula Phi in Skolemized form forall x_1... forall x_nS. Then an atomic statement ...

A symmetric block design (4n+3, 2n+1, n) which is equivalent to a Hadamard matrix of order 4n+4. It is conjectured that Hadamard designs exist for all integers n>0, but this ...