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An algebraic curve over a field K is an equation f(X,Y)=0, where f(X,Y) is a polynomial in X and Y with coefficients in K. A nonsingular algebraic curve is an algebraic curve ...

The successive overrelaxation method (SOR) is a method of solving a linear system of equations Ax=b derived by extrapolating the Gauss-Seidel method. This extrapolation takes ...

A permutation, also called an "arrangement number" or "order," is a rearrangement of the elements of an ordered list S into a one-to-one correspondence with S itself. The ...

A complex map is a map f:C->C. The following table lists several common types of complex maps. map formula domain complex magnification f(z)=az a in R, a>0 complex rotation ...

A G-space is a special type of T1-Space. Consider a point x and a homeomorphism of an open neighborhood V of x onto an open set of R^n. Then a space is a G-space if, for any ...

A linear transformation A:R^n->R^n is hyperbolic if none of its eigenvalues has modulus 1. This means that R^n can be written as a direct sum of two A-invariant subspaces E^s ...

A module homomorphism is a map f:M->N between modules over a ring R which preserves both the addition and the multiplication by scalars. In symbols this means that ...

A polynomial function is a function whose values can be expressed in terms of a defining polynomial. A polynomial function of maximum degree 0 is said to be a constant ...

A second-order algebraic surface given by the general equation (1) Quadratic surfaces are also called quadrics, and there are 17 standard-form types. A quadratic surface ...

An n×n magic square for which every pair of numbers symmetrically opposite the center sum to n^2+1. The Lo Shu is associative but not panmagic. The numbers of associative ...