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The hundred-dollar, hundred-digits challenge problems are a set of ten problems in numerical analysis published in the January/February 2002 issue of SIAM News ...

A quadratic equation is a second-order polynomial equation in a single variable x ax^2+bx+c=0, (1) with a!=0. Because it is a second-order polynomial equation, the ...

A random number is a number chosen as if by chance from some specified distribution such that selection of a large set of these numbers reproduces the underlying ...

How can a delegation of six regiments, each of which sends a colonel, a lieutenant-colonel, a major, a captain, a lieutenant, and a sub-lieutenant be arranged in a regular ...

An abstract group is a group characterized only by its abstract properties and not by the particular representations chosen for elements. For example, there are two distinct ...

An element of an adèle group, sometimes called a repartition in older literature (e.g., Chevalley 1951, p. 25). Adèles arise in both number fields and function fields. The ...

A two-dimensional affine geometry constructed over a finite field. For a field F of size n, the affine plane consists of the set of points which are ordered pairs of elements ...

The Alexander invariant H_*(X^~) of a knot K is the homology of the infinite cyclic cover of the complement of K, considered as a module over Lambda, the ring of integral ...

An algebraic equation in n variables is an polynomial equation of the form f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=sum_(e_1,...,e_n)c_(e_1,e_2,...,e_n)x_1^(e_1)x_2^(e_2)...x_n^(e_n)=0, where the ...

An algebraic function is a function f(x) which satisfies p(x,f(x))=0, where p(x,y) is a polynomial in x and y with integer coefficients. Functions that can be constructed ...