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A sum of the elements from some set with constant coefficients placed in front of each. For example, a linear combination of the vectors x, y, and z is given by ax+by+cz, ...

A curve on a surface whose tangents are always in the direction of principal curvature. The equation of the lines of curvature can be written |g_(11) g_(12) g_(22); b_(11) ...

A planar diagram depicting a link (or knot) as a sequence of segments with gaps representing undercrossings and solid lines overcrossings. In such a diagram, only two ...

product_(i)dp_idq_i, where p_i and q_i are momenta and positions of particles.

In space, the only conformal mappings are inversions, similarity transformations, and congruence transformations. Or, restated, every angle-preserving transformation is a ...

int_0^inftye^(-ax)J_0(bx)dx=1/(sqrt(a^2+b^2)), where J_0(z) is the zeroth order Bessel function of the first kind.

A local maximum, also called a relative maximum, is a maximum within some neighborhood that need not be (but may be) a global maximum.

A local minimum, also called a relative minimum, is a minimum within some neighborhood that need not be (but may be) a global minimum.

The log-series distribution, also sometimes called the logarithmic distribution (although this work reserves that term for a distinct distribution), is the distribution of ...

The logarithmic distribution is a continuous distribution for a variate X in [a,b] with probability function P(x)=(lnx)/(b(lnb-1)-a(lna-1)) (1) and distribution function ...