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The Killing form is an inner product on a finite dimensional Lie algebra g defined by B(X,Y)=Tr(ad(X)ad(Y)) (1) in the adjoint representation, where ad(X) is the adjoint ...

Each row and each column in the group multiplication table lists each of the group elements once and only once. From this, it follows that no two elements may be in the ...

Each of the sets forming a direct product is said to be a direct factor. A group G is said to be a direct factor of the group G^' if G^' is isomorphic to the group direct ...

The term external direct product is used to refer to either the external direct sum of groups under the group operation of multiplication, or over infinitely many spaces in ...

The free module of rank n over a nonzero unit ring R, usually denoted R^n, is the set of all sequences {a_1,a_2,...,a_n} that can be formed by picking n (not necessarily ...

The truncated tetrahedral graph is the cubic Archimedean graph on 12 nodes and 18 edges that is the skeleton of the truncated tetrahedron. It is implemented in the Wolfram ...

A subgroup H of an original group G has elements h_i. Let x be a fixed element of the original group G which is not a member of H. Then the transformation xh_ix^(-1), (i=1, ...

In general, groups are not Abelian. However, there is always a group homomorphism h:G->G^' to an Abelian group, and this homomorphism is called Abelianization. The ...

An inner automorphism of a group G is an automorphism of the form phi(g)=h^(-1)gh, where h is a fixed element of G. The automorphism of the symmetric group S_3 that maps the ...

A vertex-transitive graph, also sometimes called a node symmetric graph (Chiang and Chen 1995), is a graph such that every pair of vertices is equivalent under some element ...