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An element of an extension field of a field F which is not algebraic over F. A transcendental number is a complex number which is transcendental over the field Q of rational ...

A sphere of radius 1.

The quantifier "for all" ( forall ), sometimes also known as the "general quantifier."

An abstract machine that is implemented in software is termed a virtual machine.

A witness is a number which, as a result of its number theoretic properties, guarantees either the compositeness or primality of a number n. Witnesses are most commonly used ...

The Yiu circle is the circumcircle of the Yiu triangle DeltaO_AO_BO_C. It has center function given by alpha=af(a,b,c), where f(a,b,c) is a 14th-order polynomial. Its radius ...

F_mF_(n+1)-F_nF_(m+1)=(-1)^nF_(m-n), where F_n is a Fibonacci number.

A k-factor of a graph is a k-regular subgraph of order n. k-factors are a generalization of complete matchings. A perfect matching is a 1-factor (Skiena 1990, p. 244).

n-minex is defined as 10^(-n).

Chebyshev-Gauss quadrature, also called Chebyshev quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with weighting function W(x)=(1-x^2)^(-1/2) (Abramowitz and ...