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The present value v_n of a single payment made at n periods in the future is v_n=p/((1+r)^n), (1) where n is the number of periods until payment, p is the payment amount, and ...

Each prime factor p_i^(alpha_i) in an integer's prime factorization is called a primary.

A primary ideal is an ideal I such that if ab in I, then either a in I or b^m in I for some m>0. Prime ideals are always primary. A primary decomposition expresses any ideal ...

Let pi be a unitary representation of a group G on a separable Hilbert space, and let R(pi) be the smallest weakly closed algebra of bounded linear operators containing all ...

An irreducible algebraic integer which has the property that, if it divides the product of two algebraic integers, then it divides at least one of the factors. 1 and -1 are ...

Find two numbers such that x^2=y^2 (mod n). If you know the greatest common divisor of n and x-y, there exists a high probability of determining a prime factor. Taking small ...

If f(x) is a nonconstant integer polynomial and c is an integer such that f(c) is divisible by the prime p, that p is called a prime divisor of the polynomial f(x) (Nagell ...

An Abelian planar difference set of order n exists only for n a prime power. Gordon (1994) has verified it to be true for n<2000000.

A ring for which the product of any pair of ideals is zero only if one of the two ideals is zero. All simple rings are prime.

1 and -1 are the only integers which divide every integer. They are therefore called the prime units.