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A number h which satisfies the conditions of the congruum problem: x^2+h=a^2 and x^2-h=b^2, where x,h,a,b are integers. The list of congrua is given by 24, 96, 120, 240, 336, ...

Functions which can be expressed in terms of Legendre functions of the first and second kinds. See Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 337). P_(-1/2+ip)(costheta) = (1) = ...

A proposition which is consistent with known data, but has neither been verified nor shown to be false. It is synonymous with hypothesis.

Given a group with elements A and X, there must be an element B which is a similarity transformation of A,B=X^(-1)AX so A and B are conjugate with respect to X. Conjugate ...

A subgroup H of an original group G has elements h_i. Let x be a fixed element of the original group G which is not a member of H. Then the transformation xh_ix^(-1), (i=1, ...

Connectivity properties obey the following hierarchy: convex => star convex => pathwise-connected => connected.

A connected dominating set in a connected graph G is a dominating set in G whose vertices induce a connected subgraph, i.e., one in which there is no dominating vertex not ...

Every compact 3-manifold is the connected sum of a unique collection of prime 3-manifolds.

An ordered pair (a,b) of nonnegative integers such that there is some set of a points and b edges whose removal disconnects the graph and there is no set of a-1 nodes and b ...

The apodization function A(x)=(1-(x^2)/(a^2))^2. Its full width at half maximum is sqrt(4-2sqrt(2))a. Its instrument function is ...