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A class number formula is a finite series giving exactly the class number of a ring. For a ring of quadratic integers, the class number is denoted h(d), where d is the ...

The classification of a collection of objects generally means that a list has been constructed with exactly one member from each isomorphism type among the objects, and that ...

A compactum (plural: compacta) is a compact metric space. An example of a compactum is any finite discrete metric space. Also, the space [0,1] union [2,3] is a compactum, ...

A complete metric space is a metric space in which every Cauchy sequence is convergent. Examples include the real numbers with the usual metric, the complex numbers, ...

A group having continuous group operations. A continuous group is necessarily infinite, since an infinite group just has to contain an infinite number of elements. But some ...

The problem of maximizing a linear function over a convex polyhedron, also known as operations research or optimization theory. The general problem of convex optimization is ...

A set function mu is said to possess countable subadditivity if, given any countable disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

The cylindrical parts of a system of real algebraic equations and inequalities in variables {x_1,...,x_n} are the terms f_1 <= x_1<=g_1 (1) f_2(x_1) <= x_2<=g_2(x_1) (2) | ...

A shift-invariant operator Q for which Qx is a nonzero constant. 1. Qa=0 for every constant a. 2. If p(x) is a polynomial of degree n, Qp(x) is a polynomial of degree n-1. 3. ...

A test for the convergence of Fourier series. Let phi_x(t)=f(x+t)+f(x-t)-2f(x), then if int_0^pi(|phi_x(t)|dt)/t is finite, the Fourier series converges to f(x) at x.