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Champernowne's constant C=0.12345678910111213... (1) (OEIS A033307) is the number obtained by concatenating the positive integers and interpreting them as decimal digits to ...

The factorization of a number into its constituent primes, also called prime decomposition. Given a positive integer n>=2, the prime factorization is written ...

A solution zeta_k=e^(2piik/d) to the cyclotomic equation x^d=1. The de Moivre numbers give the coordinates in the complex plane of the polygon vertices of a regular polygon ...

What is the maximum number of queens that can be placed on an n×n chessboard such that no two attack one another? The answer is n-1 queens for n=2 or n=3 and n queens ...

The number of representations of n by k squares, allowing zeros and distinguishing signs and order, is denoted r_k(n). The special case k=2 corresponding to two squares is ...

A field is any set of elements that satisfies the field axioms for both addition and multiplication and is a commutative division algebra. An archaic name for a field is ...

The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that every positive integer (except the number 1) can be represented in exactly one way apart from rearrangement as a product of ...

A googol is a large number equal to 10^(10^2)=10^(100) (i.e., a 1 with 100 zeros following it). Written out explicitly, ...

A statistic which assigns a single number to several individual statistics in order to quantify trends. The best-known index in the United States is the consumer price index, ...

Let G_1, G_2, ..., G_t be a t-graph edge coloring of the complete graph K_n, where for each i=1, 2, ..., t, G_i is the spanning subgraph of K_n consisting of all graph edges ...