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A pseudoprime is a composite number that passes a test or sequence of tests that fail for most composite numbers. Unfortunately, some authors drop the "composite" ...

One name for the figure used by Euclid to prove the Pythagorean theorem. It is sometimes also known as the "windmill."

A requirement necessary for a given statement or theorem to hold. Also called a condition.

One name for the figure used by Euclid to prove the Pythagorean theorem.

A metric space X is boundedly compact if all closed bounded subsets of X are compact. Every boundedly compact metric space is complete. (This is a generalization of the ...

The inverse curve of Fermat's spiral with the origin taken as the inversion center is the lituus.

The inverse curve of the lituus is an Archimedean spiral with m=2, which is Fermat's spiral.

A short theorem used in proving a larger theorem. Related concepts are the axiom, porism, postulate, principle, and theorem. The late mathematician P. Erdős has often been ...

Every odd integer n is a prime or the sum of three primes. This problem is closely related to Vinogradov's theorem.

A specific type of ultraproduct that can be used to construct nonstandard universes and obtain the transfer principle as a corollary of Łoś' theorem for ultraproducts.