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If one event can occur in m ways and a second can occur independently of the first in n ways, then the two events can occur in mn ways.

n events are said to be mutually exclusive if the occurrence of any one of them precludes any of the others. Therefore, for events X_1, ..., X_n, the conditional probability ...

An element B of a ring is nilpotent if there exists a positive integer k for which B^k=0.

The probability that a variate would assume a value greater than or equal to the observed value strictly by chance: P(z>=z_(observed)).

The portion of the probability distribution which has a P-value equal to the observed P-value.

If B superset A (B is a superset of A), then P(A)<=P(B).

Sangaku problems, often written "san gaku," are geometric problems of the type found on devotional mathematical wooden tablets ("sangaku") which were hung under the roofs of ...

Three sets of three lines such that each line is incident with two from both other sets.

L is a subnormal subgroup of H if there is a "normal series" (in the sense of Jordan-Hölder) from L to H.

The set closure of the set of arguments of a function f for which f is not zero.