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The equation x^p=1, where solutions zeta_k=e^(2piik/p) are the roots of unity sometimes called de Moivre numbers. Gauss showed that the cyclotomic equation can be reduced to ...

A primitive subgroup of the symmetric group S_n is equal to either the alternating group A_n or S_n whenever it contains at least one permutation which is a q-cycle for some ...

A number D that possesses no common divisor with a prime number p is either a quadratic residue or nonresidue of p, depending whether D^((p-1)/2) is congruent mod p to +/-1.

Let any finite or infinite set of points having no finite limit point be prescribed and associate with each of its points a principal part, i.e., a rational function of the ...

There are at least two results known as "the area principle." The geometric area principle states that (|A_1P|)/(|A_2P|)=(|A_1BC|)/(|A_2BC|). (1) This can also be written in ...

Every finite-dimensional Lie algebra of characteristic p=0 has a faithful finite-dimensional representation.

Let f(s) defined and analytic in a half-strip D={s:sigma_1<=R[s]<=sigma_2,I[s]>=t_0 0}. If |f|<=M on the boundary partialD of D and there is a constant A such that ...

Let E and F be paired spaces with S a family of absolutely convex bounded sets of F such that the sets of S generate F and, if B_1,B_2 in S, then there exists a B_3 in S such ...

The series which arises in the binomial theorem for negative integer -n, (x+a)^(-n) = sum_(k=0)^(infty)(-n; k)x^ka^(-n-k) (1) = sum_(k=0)^(infty)(-1)^k(n+k-1; k)x^ka^(-n-k) ...

If P is any point on a line TT^' whose orthopole is S, then the circle power of S with respect to the pedal circle of P is a constant (Gallatly 1913, p. 51).