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An illusion in which the eye alternately sees two black faces, or a white goblet.

Successive points dividing a golden rectangle into squares lie on a logarithmic spiral (Wells 1991, p. 39; Livio 2002, p. 119) which is sometimes known as the golden spiral. ...

The Grassmann graph J_q(n,k) is defined such that the vertices are the k-dimensional subspaces of an n-dimensional finite field of order q and edges correspond to pairs of ...

Define psi(x)={1 0<=x<1/2; -1 1/2<x<=1; 0 otherwise (1) and psi_(jk)(x)=psi(2^jx-k) (2) for j a nonnegative integer and 0<=k<=2^j-1. So, for example, the first few values of ...

Let a_n>=0 and suppose sum_(n=1)^inftya_ne^(-an)∼1/a as a->0^+. Then sum_(n<=x)a_n∼x as x->infty. This theorem is a step in the proof of the prime number theorem, but has ...

The hat is a caret-shaped symbol commonly placed on top of variables to give them special meaning. The symbol x^^ is voiced "x-hat" (or sometimes as "x-roof") in mathematics, ...

An integer n>1 is said to be highly cototient if the equation x-phi(x)=n has more solutions than the equations x-phi(x)=k for all 1<k<n, where phi is the totient function. ...

Given a finitely generated Z-graded module M over a graded ring R (finitely generated over R_0, which is an Artinian local ring), define the Hilbert function of M as the map ...

A synonym for analytic function, regular function, differentiable function, complex differentiable function, and holomorphic map (Krantz 1999, p. 16). The word derives from ...

An indirectly conformal mapping, sometimes called an anticonformal mapping, is a mapping that reverses all angles, whereas an isogonal mapping can reverse some angles and ...