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A witness is a number which, as a result of its number theoretic properties, guarantees either the compositeness or primality of a number n. Witnesses are most commonly used ...

A number N=p_1p_2...p_n where the p_is are distinct primes and n>=3 such that p_i=Ap_(i-1)+B (1) for i=1, 2, ..., n, p_0 taken as 1, and with A and B some fixed integers. For ...

There are several types of numbers that are commonly termed "lucky numbers." The first is the lucky numbers of Euler. The second is obtained by writing out all odd numbers: ...

For some authors (e.g., Bourbaki, 1964), the same as principal ideal domain. Most authors, however, do not require the ring to be an integral domain, and define a principal ...

A round number is a number that is the product of a considerable number of comparatively small factors (Hardy 1999, p. 48). Round numbers are very rare. As Hardy (1999, p. ...

The von Staudt-Clausen theorem, sometimes also known as the Staudt-Clausen theorem (Carlitz 1968), states that B_(2n)=A_n-sum_(p_k; (p_k-1)|2n)1/(p_k), (1) where B_(2n) is a ...

Barban's constant is defined as C_(Barban) = product_(p)[1+(3p^2-1)/(p(p+1)(p^2-1))] (1) = 2.596536... (2) (OEIS A175640), where the product is over the primes p.

The Heath-Brown-Moroz constant is defined by C_(Heath-Brown-Moroz) = product_(p)(1-1/p)^7(1+(7p+1)/(p^2)) (1) = 0.00131764115... (2) (OEIS A118228), where the product is ...

For any two nonzero p-adic numbers a and b, the Hilbert symbol is defined as (a,b)={1 if z^2=ax^2+by^2 has a nonzero solution; -1 otherwise. (1) If the p-adic field is not ...

A polynomial of the form f(x)=a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0 having coefficients a_i that are all integers. An integer polynomial gives integer values for all integer ...