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A sum which includes both the Jacobi triple product and the q-binomial theorem as special cases. Ramanujan's sum is ...

An abnormal number is a hypothetical number which can be factored into primes in more than one way. Hardy and Wright (1979) prove the fundamental theorem of arithmetic by ...

A proof based on a dissection which shows the formula for the area of a plane figure or of the volume of a solid. Dozens of different dissection proofs are known for the ...

Define the Euler measure of a polyhedral set as the Euler integral of its indicator function. It is easy to show by induction that the Euler measure of a closed bounded ...

An odd alternating permutation number, more commonly called an Euler number or secant number.

An elementary theorem in geometry whose name means "asses' bridge," perhaps in reference to the fact that fools would be unable to pass this point in their geometric studies. ...

The radical lines of three circles are concurrent in a point known as the radical center (also called the power center). This theorem was originally demonstrated by Monge ...

Let a prime number generated by Euler's prime-generating polynomial n^2+n+41 be known as an Euler prime. (Note that such primes are distinct from prime Euler numbers, which ...

The Hadwiger conjecture is a generalization of the four-color theorem which states that for any loopless graph G with h(G) the Hadwiger number and chi(G) the chromatic ...

A type of number involving the roots of unity which was developed by Kummer while trying to solve Fermat's last theorem. Although factorization over the integers is unique ...