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The pentagram, also called the five-point star, pentacle, pentalpha, or pentangle, is the star polygon {5/2}. It is a pagan religious symbol that is one of the oldest symbols ...

An orthogonal transformation is a linear transformation T:V->V which preserves a symmetric inner product. In particular, an orthogonal transformation (technically, an ...

A transformation consisting of a constant offset with no rotation or distortion. In n-dimensional Euclidean space, a translation may be specified simply as a vector giving ...

An angle theta drawn on the coordinate plane is said to be in standard position if its initial side lies on the positive x-axis so that its vertex coincides with the origin ...

A complex map is a map f:C->C. The following table lists several common types of complex maps. map formula domain complex magnification f(z)=az a in R, a>0 complex rotation ...

A cyclic quadrilateral is a quadrilateral for which a circle can be circumscribed so that it touches each polygon vertex. A quadrilateral that can be both inscribed and ...

A plane is a two-dimensional doubly ruled surface spanned by two linearly independent vectors. The generalization of the plane to higher dimensions is called a hyperplane. ...

The symmetry operation (x,y,z)->(-x,-y,-z). When used in conjunction with a rotation, it becomes an improper rotation.

A translation without rotation or distortion.

Surface area is the area of a given surface. Roughly speaking, it is the "amount" of a surface (i.e., it is proportional to the amount of paint needed to cover it), and has ...