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Through any point in the plane, there is at most one straight line parallel to a given straight line. This axiom is equivalent to the parallel postulate.

The imaginary part I[z] of a complex number z=x+iy is the real number multiplying i, so I[x+iy]=y. In terms of z itself, I[z]=(z-z^_)/(2i), where z^_ is the complex conjugate ...

Let c and d!=c be real numbers (usually taken as c=1 and d=0). The Dirichlet function is defined by D(x)={c for x rational; d for x irrational (1) and is discontinuous ...

The number of data points which fall within a given class in a frequency distribution.

In the archaic terminology of Whittaker and Watson (1990), the complex number z representing x+iy.

The number of single operations (of addition, subtraction, and multiplication) required to complete an algorithm.

Maximize the number of cookies you can cut from a given expanse of dough (Hoffman 1998, p. 173).

The Hamming distance between two vertices of a hypercube is the number of coordinates at which the two vertices differ.

Given a convex plane region with area A and perimeter p, then |N-A|<p, where N is the number of enclosed lattice points.

A family of subsets of a topological space such that every point has a neighborhood which intersects only a finite number of them.