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A reduced root system is a root system R satisfying the additional property that, if alpha in R, then the only multiples of alpha in R are +/-alpha.

The root lattice of a semisimple Lie algebra is the discrete lattice generated by the Lie algebra roots in h^*, the dual vector space to the Cartan subalgebra.

The structure constant is defined as iepsilon_(ijk), where epsilon_(ijk) is the permutation symbol. The structure constant forms the starting point for the development of Lie ...

An algebraic equation in n variables is an polynomial equation of the form f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=sum_(e_1,...,e_n)c_(e_1,e_2,...,e_n)x_1^(e_1)x_2^(e_2)...x_n^(e_n)=0, where the ...

The circumcircle of an ellipse, i.e., the circle whose center concurs with that of the ellipse and whose radius is equal to the ellipse's semimajor axis.

The bifoliate is the quartic curve given by the Cartesian equation x^4+y^4=2axy^2 (1) and the polar equation r=(8costhetasin^2theta)/(3+cos(4theta))a (2) for theta in [0,pi]. ...

The box fractal is a fractal also called the anticross-stitch curve which can be constructed using string rewriting beginning with a cell [1] and iterating the rules {0->[0 0 ...

The curve which is the envelope of reflected (catacaustic) or refracted (diacaustic) rays of a given curve for a light source at a given point (known as the radiant point).

A plane curve discovered by Maclaurin but first studied in detail by Cayley. The name Cayley's sextic is due to R. C. Archibald, who attempted to classify curves in a paper ...

An Cesàro equation is a natural equation which expresses a curve in terms of its arc length function s(t) and radius of curvature rho(t) (or equivalently, the curvature ...