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Polypons are polyforms obtained from dividing a regular triangular grid into 30-30-120 triangles, illustrated above. The numbers of polypons with n=1, 2, ... components are ...

Polyrects are polyforms obtained from a rectangular grid, illustrated above. The numbers of polyrects with n=1, 2, ... components are 1, 2, 3, 9, 21, 68, 208, ... (OEIS ...

Polyrhombs are polyforms obtained from a rhombic grid, illustrated above. The numbers of polyrhombs with n=1, 2, ... components are 1, 1, 3, 7, 20, 62, 204, ... (OEIS ...

The dimension of a partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is the size of the smallest realizer of P. Equivalently, it is the smallest integer d such that P is isomorphic to a ...

A positive measure is a measure which is a function from the measurable sets of a measure space to the nonnegative real numbers. Sometimes, this is what is meant by measure, ...

A positive integer n is kth powerfree if there is no number d such that d^k|n (d^k divides n), i.e., there are no kth powers or higher in the prime factorization of n. A ...

Each prime factor p_i^(alpha_i) in an integer's prime factorization is called a primary.

The primitive part of a polynomial P(x) is P(x)/k, where k is the content. For a general univariate polynomial P(x), the Wolfram Language function FactorTermsList[poly, x] ...

A polytope in n-dimensional Euclidean space R^n whose vertices are integer lattice points but which does not contain any other lattice points in its interior or on its ...

A number r is an nth root of unity if r^n=1 and a primitive nth root of unity if, in addition, n is the smallest integer of k=1, ..., n for which r^k=1.