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Set theory is the mathematical theory of sets. Set theory is closely associated with the branch of mathematics known as logic. There are a number of different versions of set ...

A process of successively crossing out members of a list according to a set of rules such that only some remain. The best known sieve is the sieve of Eratosthenes for ...

A Smarandache-Wellin number that is prime is known as a Smarandache-Wellin prime. Concatenations of the first n=1, 2, 4, 128, 174, 342, 435, 1429 (OEIS A046035; Ibstedt 1998, ...

The logarithmic integral is defined as the Cauchy principal value li(x) = PVint_0^x(dt)/(lnt) (1) = ...

A solitary number is a number which does not have any friends. Solitary numbers include all primes, prime powers, and numbers for which (n,sigma(n))=1, where (a,b) is the ...

A spherical ring is a sphere with a cylindrical hole cut so that the centers of the cylinder and sphere coincide, also called a napkin ring. Let the sphere have radius R and ...

A spherical segment is the solid defined by cutting a sphere with a pair of parallel planes. It can be thought of as a spherical cap with the top truncated, and so it ...

The square-triangle theorem states that any nonnegative integer can be represented as the sum of a square, an even square, and a triangular number (Sun 2005), i.e., ...

A square pyramid is a pyramid with a square base. It is a pentahedron. The lateral edge length e and slant height s of a right square pyramid of side length a and height h ...

A Steiner quadruple system is a Steiner system S(t=3,k=4,v), where S is a v-set and B is a collection of k-sets of S such that every t-subset of S is contained in exactly one ...